Galileo Galilei
Observational astronomer aka Galileo Galilei, heliocentric model (assuming the sun is at the center of it all), mathematician, polymath, inventor of the telescope, hydrostatic balance, pioneer in isochronism (pendulums), Principle of Relativity, physicist, science philosopher during the period of Renaissance, author of Two New Sciences in 1632, jury trial in 1633
Antony Hewish
Astronomer, Nobel Prize in Physics, discovery of a supernova star that exploded in the year 4,000 BC
Aristarchus of Samos
scientist, inventor, astronomer, pioneer in heliocentrism or the heliocentric model of the universe (where the sun is at the center of it all)
310 BC-230 BC
mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk
Carl Sagan
Astronomer, cosmologist, pioneer in cosmology and civilizations, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, planetary scientist, author
Caroline Herschel
Real life Cinderella story, world's first paid woman astronomer, discovery of comets for King George III, sister of William Herschel
1750-1848 (98)
starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov
Christoph Scheiner
Jesuit priest, argued with Galileo over heliocentric Earth model
Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria
Astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, cartographer, inventor of Geography, diplomat, pioneer of the Ptolemaic system (Primum Mobile) or the Geocentric model of the universe (where the Earth is at the center of the Universe), author of Geographike hyphegesis ("Geography") in 150 AD
100 AD-186 AD
historyextra.com
Nicolaus Copernicus
Astronomer, astrologer, polymath, pioneer of the quantity theory of money (price-to-money supply), Earth and planets orbit the Sun, pioneer of the Heliocentric model (Narratio prima) of the universe in 1541 during the Renaissance period, discovered solar system in 1540, author of De Revolutionibus (On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres) in 1543
1473-1543 (70)
David W. Hughes
Astronomer, researcher of asteroids, comets, meteorites, meteoroids
Edwin Hubble
Astronomer, discover of 1373 Cincinnati constellation, astronomy, pioneer of the Hubble sequence, inventor of the Hubble Telescope
britannica.com
Fabiola Gianotti
Director General of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
Francis Andrews
Astronomer
tcd.ie
Sir Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam
Painter, writer, translator of the King James Bible, author of New Atlantis, rumored pen name (or ghost writer) of William Shakespeare, freemasonry, Freemasonic Order, Rosicrucians, attorney general, Lord Chancellor of England
1561-1626 (65)
Hans Lippershey
Spectacles, optics, optical lenses, patents holder, inventor of the telescope in 1608
1570-1619 (49)
Henry S. Pritchett
Astronomer, superintendent of the US Coast and Geodetic Survey, educator, 1st president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT)
1857-1939 (82)
Hipparchus of Nicaea/Bithynia
Astronomer, discovery of precession of the equinoxes, geographer, mathematician, inventor of trigonometry, author of On Sizes and Distances
190 BC-120 BC
mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk
John Herschel
Astronomer of the Julian calendar day system, pioneer in astronomy, polymath, mathematician, chemist, inventor of the blueprint, photographer, botanist
1792-1871 (79)
mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk
Johannes Kepler
Astronomer, mathematician, astrologer, natural philosopher, inventor, pioneer in the laws of planetary motion, paved the way for modern satellites in orbit
Michelangelo
Italian Renaissance sculptor aka Michaelangelo, architect, painter, The Creation of Adam, Sistine Chapel ceiling, the David sculpture, Pietà , worked for Pope Julius II in Rome
1475-1564 (89)
Isaac Newton
Scientist, physicist, president of The Royal Society in 1710, inventor of gravity, Three Laws of Motion, Newtons Law of Gravitation, collaborated with Galileo Galilei, Physicist, Law of Gravitation, mathematician, philosopher, preceded Einstein and Max Planck's theories of modern physics
Paolo Sarpi
Servite monk, Protestant inventor, helped construct Galileo's telescope
Patrick Moore (astronomer)
TV presenter, writer, researcher, Royal Air Force (RAF) pilot, amateur astronomer, president of the British Astronomical Association, co-founder of the Society for Popular Astronomy
Ridotto Morosini
Renaissance socialite, inventor of salons in 1570 where free-thinking intellectuals gathered in enlightenment (Philosophes l’esprit libertin), kept Galileo safe against the Inquisition
Saint Robert Bellarmine
Jesuit scholar aka Doctor of the Church, futurist with the Council of Trent (for Venetian intelligence) and integral to the Catholic Counter-Reformation, theologian, Cardinal priest of the Catholic church ordained in 1570
1542-1621 (79)
jesuits.global
Tycho Brahe
Astronomer, astrologer, alchemist, mathematician, aristocrat, landowner of Hven with Uraniborg castle (of Heavens) and Stjerniborg castle (of Stars) research labs, pioneer of a hybrid geocentric-heliocentric model, discovery of supernovas and comets
1546-1601 (55)
britannica.com
William Herschel
Astronomer, musician, pioneer in telescopes, discovery of the planet Uranus and the constellation Gemini in 1781
1738-1822 (84)
William Rowan Hamilton
Andrews professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin, mathematician